During the spring and summer, it is not uncommon to come across
unattended baby wild animals in neighborhoods and parks. Often routine seasonal
maintenance leads to the discovery. An eager baby leaves the nest and his parents
feed him there all day or even two, until he is able to move on.
Since wild animal mothers and fathers WILL (even though we were taught
otherwise) feed babies that have been handled by humans, we should return
babies to the nest or move the nest to a safe area accessible to the parents,
protected from predators and the elements whenever possible. If the nest
is destroyed or out of reach, you can place babies in a nearby protected shrub
where parents can feed and watch over them safely. Babies that are
walking or flying can be left alone until parents return. It is true that many
parent animals will not approach the nest for hours after a person has
disturbed it. Certainly, they will not return if people are near the nest,
watching. Only if you have evidence that the parents have died or the baby is
seriously injured, should you intervene in the care of a baby animal.
Commonly, people try to feed baby animals bread, milk or egg. All these foods
are harmful to baby birds and mammals. Please do not give these foods to baby
animals. It's complicated to care for a baby animal sufficient that his release
into the wild will be successful. Contact your local animal shelter, the
Department of Natural Resources or your Fish and Game Warden to locate the
nearest wildlife center if you want the baby to survive. You can volunteer at
the center and work toward your wildlife rehabilitation permit so that you can
successfully care for orphans in the future.
Wading birds (herons), Birds of Prey, Kestrels, Chimney Swifts, and
Hummingbirds require special handling. Large birds can be dangerous, inflicting
serious injury to people. If you find these birds in trouble call a wildlife
center for assistance, immediately. Skunks, fox, raccoon and bats can have
rabies or parasites that are harmful to people. If you find these animals
contact the local animal control agency for advice. These animals can often be
rehabilitated and released safely by wildlife handlers who have received rabies
inoculation and have the necessary specialized permits and facilities.
WHAT TO DO FOR BABIES
PRECOCIAL BABIES: Baby quail, waterfowl, beaver and porcupines are born able to
walk with their eyes are open. They are usually covered with fluffy feathers or
fur. Ducklings and goslings may prefer to wade in water while they eat but
should not have unlimited access to swimming water or they will sleep in the
water and become chilled. Prepared starter foods are available for most of
these babies from farm supply and feed stores. One baby alone may not eat and
therefore will not survive. Look for a wildlife center with other babies of the
same age and species. Social experience with their own species is important
early in life. These babies become very attached to each other and their care
takers and must be handled carefully if they are to be safely released.
ALTRICIAL BABIES: Baby song birds and mammals are born or hatched without
feathers or fur and their eyes are closed. They cannot support their own weight
except briefly to open their mouth for food. They cannot maintain their body
temperature. In just a few weeks birds will have pin feathers and mammals will
have fur. In just a few more they will begin flying or walking around.
Baby animals must be kept warm and can not be fed ANYTHING including emergency
hydration solutions, until they are returned to normal body temperature.
Species identification is critical for proper selection of formula which should
never be cow's milk in any form. In any case, babies can survive longer without
food than they can once they have been fed something harmful. Please call your
local wildlife centers before you feed any baby animal any thing, especially
water. Babies easily drown by breathing the water offered.
If the baby is bruised, bleeding, or has broken bones do not feed it,
even when warm. Call a veterinarian or wildlife center for additional
instructions immediately. If the baby seems healthy, examine the baby for mites
(tiny crawling insects) or fly eggs (sticky white dots). Remove them carefully
so as not to injure the baby's skin. If you clean around the baby's vent or
anus with a warm, moist cotton ball, you may stimulate urination or defecation.
Baby mammals cannot eliminate on their own. Pat the baby dry so as not to
damage feathers or fur. Do not allow water to enter the ears or nostrils.
If you are instructed to transport an orphaned baby to a wildlife center, you
may want to take the nest to the center for species identification but separate
the babies from it. It will be difficult to keep clean and may contain
parasites. Place the babies in a small dish or box with crumpled paper towel
for bedding. Babies can be injured by loose threads of cloth or slippery
newspaper.
If someone is coming to pick up the babies, place the dish/box
inside an aquarium with a screen lid. Warm the aquarium to 80-90F by placing a
heating pad under part of the aquarium. Hang a thermometer inside the aquarium
to monitor temperature and check for hot spots. Be sure the heating pad
is not directly under the dish/box that contains the babies because the babies
can not move if they get too warm.
Most wild life rehabilitators prefer that you not feed the baby but may ask you
to provide emergency rehydrating formula from a veterinarian. Pedialyte may be
used in an emergency in which the baby is too weak to survive transportation
without it. Even in such a case, veterinary solutions are more successful than
pharmacy drinks.
Again, do not feed egg, milk, or bread. Baby animals have delicate intestinal
flora suited only for their mother's milk. Improper introduction of artificial
formula will cause diarrhea. Diarrhea can kill an infant animal. Other risks to
baby animals are bright light or loud noise from television or stereos. You
should not allow household pets to lick the babies because bacteria from their
mouths that is not harmful to people is harmful to baby wild animals. You
should not allow your children to handle the baby because as much as your
children will enjoy this experience the baby animal will be extremely frightened
even if he appears to be "resting".
If you are lucky enough to be of help to an infant wild animal, please take
your role seriously and get the professional help that will make his survival
most probable.